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Nd:YAG - Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet
Introduction
Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) is the earliest and most famous laser host crystal. Since it combines great advantages in many basic properties, Nd:YAG is the ubiquitous presence for near-infrared solid-state lasers and their frequency-doubler, tripler, and higher order multiplier.
CASTECH's Nd:YAG is featured by
- High gain
- Low threshold
- High efficiency
- Low loss at 1.06 µm
- Good thermal conductivity and thermal shock characteristics
- Mechanical strength
- high optical quality
- Material characteristics that allow for various modes of operation (CW, pulsed, Q-switched, mode locked)
Table 1. Basic Properties
|
Crystal Structure |
Cubic |
|
Lattice Parameter |
12.01 Å |
|
Density |
4.5 g/cm3 |
|
Melting Point |
1970℃ |
|
Reflective Index |
1.82 |
|
Mohs Hardness |
8.5 Mohs |
|
Thermal Expansion Coefficient |
7.8×10-6 /K <111＞, 0-250℃ |
|
Thermal Conductivity |
14 W/m/K, 20℃ 10.5 W/m/K, 100℃ |
|
Stimulated Emission Cross-section |
2.8 × 10-19 cm-2 |
|
Relaxation Time of Terminal Lasing Level |
30 ns |
|
Fluorescent Lifetime |
550 µs |
|
Spontaneous Fluorescence |
230 µs |
|
Linewidth |
0.6 nm |
|
Loss Coefficient |
0.003 cm-1 @1064 nm |
Specifications of Nd:YAG crystal from CASTECH
Table 2. Specifications
|
Dopant Concentration |
Nd: 0.3~2.0 (± 0.1) at.% |
|
Dimension |
size up to dia. 15 × 180 mm and maximum diameter of dia. 40 mm × 2 mm |
|
Dimensional Tolerances |
Diameter: ±0.1mm Length: ±0.5 mm |
|
Surface Quality (Scratch/Dig) |
10/5 to MIL-PRF-13830B |
|
Wavefront Distortion |
λ/8 @633 nm |
|
Flatness |
λ/8 @633 nm |
|
Parallelism |
20 arc sec |
|
Perpendicularity |
≦15 arc min |
|
Chamfer |
≦0.2 mm×45° |
|
HR Coating |
R＞99.8% @1064 nm, R<5% @808 nm |
|
Other HR Coatings, such as HR-1064/532 nm, HR-946 nm, HR-1319 nm and other wavelengths are available. |
|
|
Damage Threshold |
＞500 MW/cm2 @1064 nm, 10 ns, 10 Hz (AR-coated) |
Table 3. Optical Parameter of Nd:YAG crystal
|
Diameter (mm) |
Standard grade |
Excellent grade |
Super-excellent grade |
|
Φ3-6.35 |
≦ 0.5 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.25 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.1 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 25 dB |
≧ 28 dB |
≧ 30 dB |
|
|
Φ7-10 |
≦ 0.7 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.4 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.16 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 22 dB |
≧ 25 dB |
≧ 28 dB |
|
|
Φ11-13 |
≦ 1 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.6 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.2 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 20 dB |
≧ 23 dB |
≧ 26 dB |
|
|
Φ14-16 |
≦ 1.2 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.8 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.25 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 18 dB |
≧ 20 dB |
≧ 23 dB |
Higher grade or specific Nd:YAG rods or slabs, and Nd:YAG rods for 946 nm and 1319 nm lasers can be provided. Er:YAG, Yb:YAG and other ion doped YAG crystals are also available upon request.
Products
-
Nd:YAG - Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet
- Nd:YAG, the earlist and most famous laser host crystal with advantageous properties, is ubiquitously used for near IR solid lasers and their frequency-doubler, tripler, and higher order multiplier.
-
Introduction
Neodymium Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) is the earliest and most famous laser host crystal. Since it combines great advantages in many basic properties, Nd:YAG is the ubiquitous presence for near-infrared solid-state lasers and their frequency-doubler, tripler, and higher order multiplier.
CASTECH's Nd:YAG is featured by
- High gain
- Low threshold
- High efficiency
- Low loss at 1.06 µm
- Good thermal conductivity and thermal shock characteristics
- Mechanical strength
- high optical quality
- Material characteristics that allow for various modes of operation (CW, pulsed, Q-switched, mode locked)
Table 1. Basic Properties
|
Crystal Structure |
Cubic |
|
Lattice Parameter |
12.01 Å |
|
Density |
4.5 g/cm3 |
|
Melting Point |
1970℃ |
|
Reflective Index |
1.82 |
|
Mohs Hardness |
8.5 Mohs |
|
Thermal Expansion Coefficient |
7.8×10-6 /K <111＞, 0-250℃ |
|
Thermal Conductivity |
14 W/m/K, 20℃ 10.5 W/m/K, 100℃ |
|
Stimulated Emission Cross-section |
2.8 × 10-19 cm-2 |
|
Relaxation Time of Terminal Lasing Level |
30 ns |
|
Fluorescent Lifetime |
550 µs |
|
Spontaneous Fluorescence |
230 µs |
|
Linewidth |
0.6 nm |
|
Loss Coefficient |
0.003 cm-1 @1064 nm |
Specifications of Nd:YAG crystal from CASTECH
Table 2. Specifications
|
Dopant Concentration |
Nd: 0.3~2.0 (± 0.1) at.% |
|
Dimension |
size up to dia. 15 × 180 mm and maximum diameter of dia. 40 mm × 2 mm |
|
Dimensional Tolerances |
Diameter: ±0.1mm Length: ±0.5 mm |
|
Surface Quality (Scratch/Dig) |
10/5 to MIL-PRF-13830B |
|
Wavefront Distortion |
λ/8 @633 nm |
|
Flatness |
λ/8 @633 nm |
|
Parallelism |
20 arc sec |
|
Perpendicularity |
≦15 arc min |
|
Chamfer |
≦0.2 mm×45° |
|
HR Coating |
R＞99.8% @1064 nm, R<5% @808 nm |
|
Other HR Coatings, such as HR-1064/532 nm, HR-946 nm, HR-1319 nm and other wavelengths are available. |
|
|
Damage Threshold |
＞500 MW/cm2 @1064 nm, 10 ns, 10 Hz (AR-coated) |
Table 3. Optical Parameter of Nd:YAG crystal
|
Diameter (mm) |
Standard grade |
Excellent grade |
Super-excellent grade |
|
Φ3-6.35 |
≦ 0.5 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.25 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.1 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 25 dB |
≧ 28 dB |
≧ 30 dB |
|
|
Φ7-10 |
≦ 0.7 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.4 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.16 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 22 dB |
≧ 25 dB |
≧ 28 dB |
|
|
Φ11-13 |
≦ 1 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.6 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.2 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 20 dB |
≧ 23 dB |
≧ 26 dB |
|
|
Φ14-16 |
≦ 1.2 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.8 fringes/inch |
≦ 0.25 fringes/inch |
|
≧ 18 dB |
≧ 20 dB |
≧ 23 dB |
Higher grade or specific Nd:YAG rods or slabs, and Nd:YAG rods for 946 nm and 1319 nm lasers can be provided. Er:YAG, Yb:YAG and other ion doped YAG crystals are also available upon request.
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