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Nd:KGW - Neodymium Doped Potassium Gadolinium Tungstate
Introduction
Neodymium doped Potassium Gadolinium Tungstate (Nd:KGd(WO4)2 or Nd:KGW) is an excellent laser gain material which has low laser oscillations threshold and high emission section. The fluorescent concentration quench effect of the Nd3+ ion in the KGW crystal may be weakened due to the W-O covalent bond, so this crystal has a higher doping concentration of active ion. Furthermore, the absorption band at 808 nm of Nd3+ in the KGW which has 12 nm FWHM is well matched with the emission wavelength of current commercial laser diode.
Table 1. Basic Properties
|
Crystal Structure |
monoclinic |
|
Space Group |
C2h (2/c) - C2/c |
|
Lattice Parameter |
a = 8.087 Å, b = 10.374 Å, c = 7.588 Å β = 94.41° |
|
Refractive Index, at 1067 nm |
ng = 2.049, np = 1.978, nm = 2.014 |
|
Mohs Hardness |
5 Mohs |
|
Density |
7.27 g/cm3 |
|
Melting Point |
1075℃ |
|
Thermal Conductivity at 373 K |
K[100] = 2.6 W/m/K K[010] = 3.8 W/m/K K[001] = 3.4 W/m/K |
|
Young's Modulus |
E[100] = 115.8 Gpa, E[010] = 152.5 GPa, E[001] = 92.4 Gpa |
|
Thermal Expansion Coefficient, at 373℃ |
α[100] = 4×10-6 /K, α[010] = 1.6×10-6 /K, α[001] = 8.5×10-6 /K |
|
Lasing Wavelength |
911 nm, 1067 nm, 1351 nm |
|
Absorption Band |
808 nm (FWHM 12 nm) |
|
Fluorescent Lifetime |
110 µs (30% doping), 90 µs (8% doping) |
Table 2. Laser Properties
|
3% Nd:KGW |
Emission Wavelength |
1070 nm |
|
Emission Bandwidth |
15 nm |
|
|
Stimulated Emission Cross-section σe |
1.48 × 10-20 cm2 |
|
|
Fluorescent Lifetime |
109 µs |
|
|
Gain Bandwidth |
15 nm |
|
|
Absorption Wavelength |
810 nm |
|
|
Absorption Bandwidth |
14 nm |
|
|
Absorption Cross-section σα |
1.28 × 10-20 cm2 |
Specifications of Nd:KGW crystal from CASTECH
Table 3. Specifications of Nd:KGW
|
Orientation |
[010] |
|
Standard Dopant Concentration |
Nd: 3%, 5%, 8% atm% |
|
Maximum Length |
50 mm |
|
Dimensional Tolerances |
Diameter: ±0.1mm Length: ±0.5 mm |
|
Surface Quality (Scratch/Dig) |
20/10 to MIL-PRF-13830B |
|
Flatness |
λ/6 @633 nm |
|
Parallelism |
20 arc sec |
|
Perpendicularity |
≦ 15 arc min |
|
Coating |
AR-coated |
Figure 1. Transparency curve of Nd:KGW
Figure 2. Emission spectra of 3%Nd:KGW
Figure 3. Absorption spectra of 3% Nd:KGW
Products
-
Nd:KGW - Neodymium Doped Potassium Gadolinium Tungstate
- Nd:KGW, as an excellent laser crystal, has low laser oscillations threshold, high emmission section and high doping concentraton for the weakened fluorescent concentration quench effect of the Nd3+.
-
Introduction
Neodymium doped Potassium Gadolinium Tungstate (Nd:KGd(WO4)2 or Nd:KGW) is an excellent laser gain material which has low laser oscillations threshold and high emission section. The fluorescent concentration quench effect of the Nd3+ ion in the KGW crystal may be weakened due to the W-O covalent bond, so this crystal has a higher doping concentration of active ion. Furthermore, the absorption band at 808 nm of Nd3+ in the KGW which has 12 nm FWHM is well matched with the emission wavelength of current commercial laser diode.
Table 1. Basic Properties
|
Crystal Structure |
monoclinic |
|
Space Group |
C2h (2/c) - C2/c |
|
Lattice Parameter |
a = 8.087 Å, b = 10.374 Å, c = 7.588 Å β = 94.41° |
|
Refractive Index, at 1067 nm |
ng = 2.049, np = 1.978, nm = 2.014 |
|
Mohs Hardness |
5 Mohs |
|
Density |
7.27 g/cm3 |
|
Melting Point |
1075℃ |
|
Thermal Conductivity at 373 K |
K[100] = 2.6 W/m/K K[010] = 3.8 W/m/K K[001] = 3.4 W/m/K |
|
Young's Modulus |
E[100] = 115.8 Gpa, E[010] = 152.5 GPa, E[001] = 92.4 Gpa |
|
Thermal Expansion Coefficient, at 373℃ |
α[100] = 4×10-6 /K, α[010] = 1.6×10-6 /K, α[001] = 8.5×10-6 /K |
|
Lasing Wavelength |
911 nm, 1067 nm, 1351 nm |
|
Absorption Band |
808 nm (FWHM 12 nm) |
|
Fluorescent Lifetime |
110 µs (30% doping), 90 µs (8% doping) |
Table 2. Laser Properties
|
3% Nd:KGW |
Emission Wavelength |
1070 nm |
|
Emission Bandwidth |
15 nm |
|
|
Stimulated Emission Cross-section σe |
1.48 × 10-20 cm2 |
|
|
Fluorescent Lifetime |
109 µs |
|
|
Gain Bandwidth |
15 nm |
|
|
Absorption Wavelength |
810 nm |
|
|
Absorption Bandwidth |
14 nm |
|
|
Absorption Cross-section σα |
1.28 × 10-20 cm2 |
Specifications of Nd:KGW crystal from CASTECH
Table 3. Specifications of Nd:KGW
|
Orientation |
[010] |
|
Standard Dopant Concentration |
Nd: 3%, 5%, 8% atm% |
|
Maximum Length |
50 mm |
|
Dimensional Tolerances |
Diameter: ±0.1mm Length: ±0.5 mm |
|
Surface Quality (Scratch/Dig) |
20/10 to MIL-PRF-13830B |
|
Flatness |
λ/6 @633 nm |
|
Parallelism |
20 arc sec |
|
Perpendicularity |
≦ 15 arc min |
|
Coating |
AR-coated |
Figure 1. Transparency curve of Nd:KGW
Figure 2. Emission spectra of 3%Nd:KGW
Figure 3. Absorption spectra of 3% Nd:KGW
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