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YVO4
- The Yttrium Orthovanadate (YVO4) is a positive uniaxial crystal grown with Czochralski method. It has good temperature stability and physical and mechanical properties. It is ideal for optical polarizing components because of its wide transparency range and large birefringence. It is an excellent synthetic substitute for Calcite (CaCO3) and Rutile (TiO2) crystals in many applications including fiber optic isolators and circulators, interleavers, beam displacers and other polarizing optics ( refer to Table 1).
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Table 1. Comparison of basic properties between YVO4 and other Birefringent Crystals
A reliable supplier of YVO4 crystals:
CASTECH is one of the earliest companies who have mastered the advanced growth technique of YVO4 crystal. Now CASTECH has completed its strong mass-production line that can provide:
• Various size of bulk and finished high quality YVO4 crystals up to φ35x50mm3 and φ20x20mm3, respectively;
• Large quantity YVO4 wedges and displacers used for fiber optical isolators and circulators, interleavers, in size of 1.25x1.25x0.5mm3 to 3x3x15mm3 to meet OEM customer’s requirement;
• Quick delivery;
• Very competitive price;
• Strict quality control;
• Technical support.
Table 2. Basic Properties of YVO4 crystal
Transparency Range |
High transmittance from 0.4 to 5μm |
Crystal Symmetry |
Zircon Tetragonal, space group D4h |
Crystal Cell |
a=b=7.12Å,c=6.29Å |
Density |
4.22g/cm3 |
Mohs Hardness |
5,glass-like |
Hygroscopic Susceptibility |
Non-hygroscopic |
Thermal Expansion Coefficient |
αa = 4.43×10-6/K;αc = 11.37 ×10-6/K |
Thermal Conductivity Coefficient |
//C: 5.23 W/m/K; ⊥C: 5.10 W/m/K |
Crystal Class |
Positive uniaxial with no=na=nb, ne=nc |
Thermal Optical Coefficient |
dna/dT = 8.5×10-6/K;dnc/dT = 3.0×10-6/K |
Refractive Indices, Birefringence |
no = 1.9929, ne = 2.2154, Δn = 0.2225, ρ= 6.04° at 630nm |
Sellmeier Equation(λ in μm) |
no2 = 3.77834 + 0.069736/(λ2 - 0.04724) - 0.0108133λ2 |
YVO4 crystal application:
YVO4 crystals are widely used in fiber-optic isolators, beam displacers and optical circulators, etc.
1. Specifications of birefringent wedges for fiber-optic isolators:
Aperture |
1.0×1.0 mm2 to 4 × 4 mm2 |
Dimension tolerance |
+/-0.05mm |
Wedge Angle tolerance |
+/-0.1° |
Optical axis orientation |
+/-0.5° |
Flatness |
λ/4 @ 632.8 nm |
Surface Quality |
20/10 |
AR-coating |
R<0.2% @1550 or 1310nm |
Standard Size |
1.25mm × 1.25mm × 0.5mm with 13° or 15° wedge, phi=22.5° |
2. Specifications of YVO4 beam displacers for fiber-optic circulators or interleaver:
Dimension tolerance |
W (±0.05mm)× H (±0.05mm) × L (±0.1mm) |
Optical axis orientation |
+/-0.5° |
Parallelism |
<15″ |
Perpendicularity |
<10′ |
Flatness |
λ/4 @ 632.8 nm |
Surface Quality |
20/10 |
AR-coating |
R<0.2% @ 1550 nm or 1310nm ± 40 nm |
Standard Size |
2.6×2.6×10mm3, θ=45°, Φ=0° |
Note: Other sizes and specifications are available upon request
YVO4 Beam Displacer for Circulator
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